Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK. To shed light on the symptoms, risks and advances in treatment, we spoke with Mr Paul Sutton, Consultant General and Colorectal Surgeon at HCA Healthcare UK’s The Wilmslow Hospital and The Christie Private Care. Mr Sutton specialises in the management of colorectal and peri-anal conditions, including colorectal cancer.
What symptoms should people never ignore when it comes to bowel cancer?
Changes in bowel habit are often the first sign that something isn’t right. Persistent diarrhoea or constipation, blood in the stool, or a feeling of incomplete emptying should always be taken seriously. Unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain or ongoing fatigue can also be worrying signs. Many patients dismiss these symptoms as dietary issues or a consequence of stress, but if they continue for more than a few weeks, it’s important to seek medical advice. Early assessment allows us to investigate quickly and, if needed, begin treatment at the earliest stage.
Who is most at risk, and what can people do to reduce that risk?
Age is a big risk factor, with most cases occurring in people over 50; however, we are increasingly seeing younger patients with this disease. Lifestyle also plays a very significant role. Diets low in fibre and high in processed meats, smoking, alcohol, obesity and low physical activity all increase risk. A family history of bowel cancer or certain genetic conditions can also increase the likelihood. While we can’t change our genetics, we can make meaningful lifestyle adjustments. A balanced diet, regular exercise and attending screening when invited are some of the most effective ways to reduce risk and support long-term bowel health.
How has bowel cancer treatment evolved, and what can patients expect today?
Treatment has advanced significantly in recent years. We now have access to more precise imaging techniques, more focused radiotherapy, and a number of new chemotherapy and immunotherapy drugs. Some patients can now avoid surgery, but where this is necessary, we are increasingly using minimally invasive and robotic techniques, which have been shown to reduce recovery time and improve outcomes. Many early cancers can even be removed endoscopically without major surgery. For more advanced cases, we work closely with multiple team members, meaning patients can expect a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach focused not only on treating the cancer but also on preserving quality of life.
If you’re concerned about symptoms or simply want reassurance, our team is here to provide expert assessment and guidance.
