When we think of menopause, the image of women in their late 40s or early 50s, experiencing hormonal changes, often comes to mind. However, men, too, go through a form of hormonal shift, known as andropause or late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). Though less discussed, this condition can be as impactful as its female counterpart.
What is Andropause?
Andropause is a term used to describe the gradual decline in testosterone levels in men, typically occurring between the ages of 40 and 60. This decline is natural, but it often goes unnoticed due to its subtle onset and gradual progression.
Testosterone, a key hormone in male health, is responsible for various functions, including libido, muscle mass, bone density, mood regulation, and cognitive performance. As testosterone levels drop, men may start noticing a range of physical and emotional symptoms.
The symptoms of andropause vary widely and include fatigue, decreased libido, irritability, depression, reduced muscle mass, increased body fat, and difficulty concentrating. Some men may also experience a drop in sexual performance or erectile dysfunction. These symptoms can be distressing and often overlap with other conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and depression. This makes diagnosis challenging.
What is Late-Onset Hypogonadism?
Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is another term used to describe the decline in testosterone levels, often linked to andropause. It is characterised by low testosterone levels, confirmed by blood tests, along with symptoms of testosterone deficiency. Unlike andropause, which describes a broad age-related decline, LOH is more precisely defined by clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.
While testosterone levels naturally decline with age, it is important to note that not all men will experience symptoms of LOH. Studies show that only a minority of men with low testosterone levels will exhibit noticeable symptoms. Genetics, lifestyle factors, and underlying health conditions (such as obesity, diabetes, or chronic stress) all play a role in determining the severity of symptoms.
Treatment and Management
For men struggling with the symptoms of andropause or LOH, treatment options exist. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is commonly prescribed to restore testosterone levels to a more normal range. This can help alleviate symptoms like fatigue, low libido, and mood changes. However, TRT is not without risks, including possible prostate issues, so men considering treatment should consult with their urologist to assess the potential benefits and drawbacks.
In addition to hormone therapy, lifestyle changes such as exercise, balanced nutrition, stress management, smoking cessation and adequate sleep can help manage symptoms. Regular check-ups and blood tests are essential to monitor testosterone levels and overall health, ensuring a more comfortable transition through this stage of life.
Male menopause, andropause or LOH, is a natural part of ageing, yet it remains under-recognised in society. By understanding the signs and seeking appropriate treatment, men can better navigate this phase of life, maintaining both physical and emotional well-being as they age.
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